{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:37:37Z","timestamp":1790642257008,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We have developed a thin-slice preparation of whole rat carotid body that allows us to perform patch-clamp recording of membrane ionic currents and to monitor catecholamine secretion by amperometry in single glomus cells under direct visual control. In normoxic conditions (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2248 140 mmHg; 1 mmHg = 133 Pa), most glomus cells did not have measurable secretory activity, but exposure to hypoxia (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2248 20 mmHg) elicited the appearance of a large number of spike-like exocytotic events. This neurosecretory response to hypoxia was fully reversible and required extracellular Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx. The average charge of single quantal events was 46 \u00b1 25 fC (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 218), which yields an estimate of \u2248140,000 catecholamine molecules per vesicle. Addition of tetraethylammonium (TEA; 2\u20135 mM) to the extracellular solution induced in most (&gt;95%) cells tested (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 32) a secretory response similar to that elicited by low\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    . Cells nonresponsive to hypoxia but activated by exposure to high external K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    were also stimulated by TEA. A secretory response similar to the responses to hypoxia and TEA was also observed after treatment of the cells with iberiotoxin to block selectively Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    - and voltage-activated maxi-K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    channels. Our data further show that membrane ion channels are critically involved in sensory transduction in the carotid body. We also show that in intact glomus cells inhibition of voltage-dependent K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    channels can contribute to initiation of the secretory response to low\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.030522297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:32:33Z","timestamp":1027679553000},"page":"2361-2366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["Secretory responses of intact glomus cells in thin slices of rat carotid body to hypoxia and tetraethylammonium"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Pardal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41009, Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Ludewig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41009, Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Garc\u00eda-Hirschfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41009, Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"L\u00f3pez-Barneo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, Universidad de 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