{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T14:36:59Z","timestamp":1781102219533,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    \u03b3-Aminobutyric acid A (GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) receptors are heteromeric membrane proteins formed mainly by various combinations of \u03b1, \u03b2, and \u03b3 subunits; and it is commonly thought that the \u03b32 subunit alone does not form functional receptors. In contrast, we found that cDNA encoding the \u03b32L subunit of the human GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor, injected alone into\n                    <jats:italic>Xenopus<\/jats:italic>\n                    oocytes, expressed functional GABA receptors whose properties were investigated by using the two-microelectrode voltage-clamp technique. GABA elicited desensitizing membrane currents that recovered after a few minutes' wash. Repetitive applications of GABA induced a \u201crun-up\u201d of GABA currents that nearly doubled the amplitude of the first response. The GABA currents inverted direction at about -30 mV, indicating that they are carried mainly by Cl\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    ions. The homomeric \u03b32L receptors were also activated by \u03b2-alanine &gt; taurine &gt; glycine, and, like some types of heteromeric GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors, the \u03b32L receptors were blocked by bicuculline and were potentiated by pentobarbital and flunitrazepam. These results indicate that the human \u03b32L subunit is capable of forming fully functional GABA receptors by itself in\n                    <jats:italic>Xenopus<\/jats:italic>\n                    oocytes and suggest that the roles proposed for the various subunits that make up the heteromeric GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors\n                    <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    require further clarification.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308682101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,2]],"date-time":"2004-03-02T21:33:11Z","timestamp":1078263191000},"page":"3220-3223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Expression of functional receptors by the human \u03b3-aminobutyric acid A \u03b32 subunit"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Ata\u00falfo","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, McGaugh Hall 1115, Irvine, CA 92697-4550; and Laboratorio de Neurobiolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Neurobiolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Campus Juriquilla, Quer\u00e9taro, AP 1-1141, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Miledi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, McGaugh Hall 1115, Irvine, CA 92697-4550; and Laboratorio de Neurobiolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Neurobiolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Campus Juriquilla, Quer\u00e9taro, AP 1-1141, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738030180012101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-08-02728.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(96)80023-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/338582a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.1.89"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1999.0746"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(03)00114-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.2000.0882"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M210229200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-17-06587.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1982.0056"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(99)00116-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","unstructured":"Sambrook J. 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