{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T11:55:53Z","timestamp":1790942153811,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"44","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Although several genes have been implicated in the development of the early-onset autosomal dominant form of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the genetics of late-onset AD (LOAD) is complex. Loci on several chromosomes have been linked to the disease, but so far only the apolipoprotein E gene has been consistently shown to be a risk factor. We have performed a large-scale single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based association study, across the region of linkage on chromosome 12, in multiple case-control series totaling 1,089 LOAD patients and 1,196 control subjects and report association with SNPs in the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (\n                    <jats:italic>GAPD<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) gene. Subsequent analysis of\n                    <jats:italic>GAPD<\/jats:italic>\n                    paralogs on other chromosomes demonstrated association with two other paralogs. A significant association between LOAD and a compound genotype of the three\n                    <jats:italic>GAPD<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes was observed in all three sample sets. Individually, these SNPs make differential contributions to disease risk in each of the casecontrol series, suggesting that variants in functionally similar genes may account for series-to-series heterogeneity of disease risk. Our observations raise the possibility that\n                    <jats:italic>GAPD<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes are AD risk factors, a hypothesis that is consistent with the role of GAPD in neuronal apoptosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403535101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,26]],"date-time":"2004-10-26T21:48:13Z","timestamp":1098827293000},"page":"15688-15693","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Association of late-onset Alzheimer's disease with genetic variation in multiple members of the\n                    <i>GAPD<\/i>\n                    gene family"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Yonghong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Celera Diagnostics, Alameda, CA 94502; Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit and Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University, Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom; National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom; and Department of Neurosciences, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Nowotny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Celera Diagnostics, Alameda, CA 94502; Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit and Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University, Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom; National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom; and Department of Neurosciences, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Holmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Celera Diagnostics, Alameda, CA 94502; Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit and Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University, Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom; National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom; and Department of Neurosciences, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Smemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Celera Diagnostics, Alameda, CA 94502; Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit and Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University, Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom; National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom; and Department of Neurosciences, University..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John S. 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