{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:34:26Z","timestamp":1790973266706,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The voltage-dependent calcium channel \u03b34 subunit protein, CACNG4, is closely related to the \u03b32 subunit, CACNG2. Both are expressed primarily in the brain and share 53% amino acid identity. The\n                    <jats:italic>Cacng2<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene is disrupted in the stargazer mouse, with its distinctive phenotype including ataxia, frequent absence seizure episodes, and head elevation. A disruption within\n                    <jats:italic>Cacng4<\/jats:italic>\n                    was engineered to assess its particular function. The homozygous\n                    <jats:italic>Cacng4<\/jats:italic>\n                    -targeted mutant mouse appeared normal with no ataxic gait or absence seizures, suggesting that other members of the \u03b3 subunit family might functionally compensate for the absence of CACNG4. To test this hypothesis, the targeted\n                    <jats:italic>Cacng4<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation was combined with alleles of\n                    <jats:italic>Cacng2<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Absence seizures were observed in combination with the stargazer 3J mutation, which itself does not have seizures, and increased seizure activity was observed in combination with the waggler allele. Furthermore, within the corticothalamic loop, where absence seizures arise, CACNG4 expression is restricted to the thalamus. Our studies show that the CACNG4 protein has seizure suppressing activity, but this effect is revealed only when CACNG2 expression is also compromised, suggesting that CACNG subunits have\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    overlapping functions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409527102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,26]],"date-time":"2005-01-26T20:34:55Z","timestamp":1106771695000},"page":"2123-2128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["A targeted mutation in Cacng4 exacerbates spike-wave seizures in stargazer (Cacng2) mice"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Verity A.","family":"Letts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connie L.","family":"Mahaffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Beyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne N.","family":"Frankel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBB.0000008029.22650.c5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35050030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.19.14476"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/1228"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-003-2268-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(01)00738-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.9.12.1204"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(90)90098-G"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-14-06027.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-17-06990.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10406"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(98)00205-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.05.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-11-04622.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-328X(95)00041-P"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1997.77.2.621"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-15-06362.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn811"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)01306-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00220-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"Sambrook J. 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