{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T08:10:14Z","timestamp":1791015014268,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Psoriasis vulgaris, a skin disease that is considered to be the result of a type 1 autoimmune response, provides an opportunity for studying the changes that occur in a target-diseased tissue during innovative immunotherapies. To gain a more comprehensive picture of the response to an approved biological therapy, we studied alfacept, which is a CD2 binding fusion protein. We examined T cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and expression of a number of inflammatory genes. In 22 patients, 55% demonstrated a clear histological remission of the disease, with a 73% reduction in lesional lymphocytes and a 79% decrease in infiltrating CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells. Only histological responders showed marked reductions in the tissue expression of inflammatory genes IFN-\u03b3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, monokine induced by IFN-\u03b3, inducible NO synthase, IL-8, and IL-23 subunits. Parallel decreases in CD83\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and CD11c\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    DCs also were measured by immunohistochemistry. Because we observed that alefacept binds primarily to T cells and not DCs, we suggest that T cells are the primary target for therapy, but that DCs and a spectrum of type 1 inflammatory genes are coordinately suppressed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409569102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,25]],"date-time":"2005-01-25T22:43:38Z","timestamp":1106693018000},"page":"2075-2080","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["Alefacept reduces infiltrating T cells, activated dendritic cells, and inflammatory genes in psoriasis vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Chamian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle 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