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Con A administration causes CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T lymphocytes to accumulate in the liver and up-regulates FasL expression, resulting in FasL-mediated cytotoxicity. Cotreating mice with NCX-1000, but not with UDCA, protected against liver damage induced by Con A and Jo2, inhibited IL-1\u03b2, IL-18, and IFN-\u03b3 release and caspase 3, 8, and 9 activation. Studies on HepG2 cells demonstrated that NCX-1000, but not UDCA, directly prevented multiple caspase activation induced by Jo2. Incubating HepG2 cells with NCX-1000 resulted in intracellular NO formation and a DTT-reversible inhibition of proapoptotic caspases, suggesting that cysteine S-nitrosylation was the main mechanism responsible for caspase inhibition. Collectively, these data suggest that NCX-1000 protects against T helper 1-mediated liver injury by inhibiting both the proapoptotic and the proinflammatory branches of the caspase superfamily.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.041603898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:45:09Z","timestamp":1027680309000},"page":"2652-2657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["An NO derivative of ursodeoxycholic acid protects against Fas-mediated liver injury by inhibiting caspase activity"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Fiorucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Clinica di Gastroenterologia ed Epatologia, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; NicOx, 06560 Sophia Antipolis, France; and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 23305"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Mencarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Clinica di Gastroenterologia ed Epatologia, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; 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