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A chimeric virus incorporating a  related protein that does not bind Z-DNA is not pathogenic, but a mutation  that creates Z-DNA binding makes a lethal virus. The ability to bind the Z  conformation is thus essential to E3L activity. This finding may allow the  design of a class of antiviral agents, including agents against variola  (smallpox), which has an almost identical E3L.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0431131100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,10]],"date-time":"2003-06-10T13:06:36Z","timestamp":1055250396000},"page":"6974-6979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":210,"title":["A role for Z-DNA binding in vaccinia virus pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Yang-Gyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute  of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room 68-233, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307;  Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular  Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-2701;  Department of Microbiology, Arizona State  University, Tempe, AZ 85287-2701; and  Department of Biochemistry, College of  Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756,  Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maneesha","family":"Muralinath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute  of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room 68-233, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307; 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