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Using functional MRI, we found that a task requiring the integration of information between two attended but spatially separated stimuli actively modulated the degree of functional integration (in terms of effective connectivity) between their retinotopic representations in visual cortical areas V1, V2, and V4. Spatial attention enhanced long-distance coupling between distinct neuronal populations that represented the attended visual stimuli, even at the earliest stages of cortical processing. In contrast, unattended stimulus representations were decoupled both from attended representations and particularly strongly from each other. Furthermore, enhanced functional integration between cortical representations was associated with enhanced behavioral performance. Attention may thus serve to \u201cbind\u201d together cortical loci at multiple levels of the visual hierarchy that are commonly involved in processing attended stimuli, promoting integration between otherwise functionally isolated cortical loci.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501684102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,28]],"date-time":"2005-09-28T20:25:27Z","timestamp":1127939127000},"page":"14925-14930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Attentional integration between anatomically distinct stimulus representations in early visual cortex"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"John-Dylan","family":"Haynes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom; and Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Tregellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom; 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