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When chronically coinjected with heroin, RF9 completely blocks the delayed and long-lasting paradoxical opioid-induced hyperalgesia and prevents the development of associated tolerance. Our data indicate that NPFF receptors are part of a bona fide antiopioid system and that selective antagonists of these receptors could represent useful therapeutic agents for improving the efficacy of opioids in chronic pain treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502090103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,3]],"date-time":"2006-01-03T21:13:40Z","timestamp":1136322820000},"page":"466-471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":208,"title":["RF9, a potent and selective neuropeptide FF receptor antagonist, prevents opioid-induced tolerance associated with hyperalgesia"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Simonin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique\/Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale\/Universite Louis Pasteur, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France; 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