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The N-terminal domain plays a prominent role in maintaining its lipid-free conformation, indicating that mutants with truncations in this region form inadequate models for explaining functional properties of apoA-I. A model for transformation of the lipid-free conformation to the high-density lipoprotein-bound form follows from an analysis of solvent-accessible hydrophobic patches on the surface of the structure and their proximity to the hydrophobic core of the four-helix bundle. The crystal structure of human apoA-I displays a hitherto-unobserved array of positively and negatively charged areas on the surface. Positioning of the charged surface patches relative to hydrophobic regions near the C terminus of the protein offers insights into its interaction with cell-surface components of the reverse cholesterol transport pathway and antiatherogenic properties of this protein. This structure provides a much-needed structural template for exploration of molecular mechanisms by which human apoA-I ameliorates atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506877103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]],"date-time":"2006-02-01T20:48:35Z","timestamp":1138826915000},"page":"2126-2131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["RETRACTED: Crystal structure of human apolipoprotein A-I: Insights into its protective effect against cardiovascular diseases"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"A. Abdul","family":"Ajees","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*Center for Biophysical Sciences and Engineering and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. 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