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Stress levels of the hormone enhance the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic potentials in CA1 pyramidal neurons and reduce paired-pulse facilitation, pointing to a hormone-dependent enhancement of glutamate-release probability. The rapid effect by corticosterone is accomplished through a nongenomic pathway involving membrane-located receptors. Unexpectedly, the rapid effect critically depends on the classical mineralocorticoid receptor, as evidenced by the effectiveness of agonists, antagonists, and brain-specific inactivation of the mineralocorticoid but not the glucocorticoid receptor gene. Rapid actions by corticosterone would allow the brain to change its function within minutes after stress-induced elevations of corticosteroid levels, in addition to responding later through gene-mediated signaling pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507572102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,16]],"date-time":"2005-12-16T21:01:10Z","timestamp":1134766870000},"page":"19204-19207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":685,"title":["Mineralocorticoid receptors are indispensable for nongenomic modulation of hippocampal glutamate transmission by corticosterone"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Henk","family":"Karst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neurosciences (SILS\u2013CNS), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands; German Cancer Research Institute, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique FRE 2401, College de France, 75231 Paris Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neurosciences (SILS\u2013CNS), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands; German Cancer Research Institute, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique FRE 2401, College de France, 75231 Paris Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Turiault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neurosciences (SILS\u2013CNS), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands; German Cancer Research Institute, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique FRE 2401, College de France, 75231 Paris Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francois","family":"Tronche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neurosciences (SILS\u2013CNS), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands; German Cancer Research Institute, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique FRE 2401, College de France, 75231 Paris Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnther","family":"Sch\u00fctz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neurosciences (SILS\u2013CNS), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands; German Cancer Research Institute, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique FRE 2401, College de France, 75231 Paris Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marian","family":"Jo\u00ebls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neurosciences (SILS\u2013CNS), University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands; German Cancer Research Institute, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique FRE 2401, College de France, 75231 Paris Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_1_2","first-page":"113","volume":"43","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dallman, M. 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