{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T11:44:05Z","timestamp":1792669445889,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"46","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Molecular mechanisms underlying apoptosis in retinitis pigmentosa, as in other neurodegenerative diseases, are still elusive, and this fact hampers the development of a cure for this blinding disease. We show that two apoptotic pathways, one from the mitochondrion and one from the endoplasmic reticulum, are coactivated during the degenerative process in an animal model of retinitis pigmentosa, the\n                    <jats:italic>rd1<\/jats:italic>\n                    mouse. We found that both AIF and caspase-12 translocate to the nucleus of dying photoreceptors\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and in an\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    cellular model. Translocation of both apoptotic factors depends on changes in intracellular calcium homeostasis and on calpain activity. Knockdown experiments defined that AIF plays the major role in this apoptotic event, whereas caspase-12 has a reinforcing effect. This study provides a link between two executor caspase-independent apoptotic pathways involving mitochondrion and endoplasmic reticulum in a degenerating neuron.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0606276103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,6]],"date-time":"2006-11-06T20:54:23Z","timestamp":1162846463000},"page":"17366-17371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":177,"title":["Apoptosis in retinal degeneration involves cross-talk between apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and caspase-12 and is blocked by calpain inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Sanges","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80131 Naples, Italy; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Comitato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Telethon 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