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Oral administration of caffeine (0.4 mg\/ml in the drinking water) in combination with voluntary exercise was less effective than administration of the low dose of caffeine in combination with exercise in stimulating UVB-induced apoptosis. Although orally administrated caffeine (0.1 mg\/ml in the drinking water) or voluntary exercise for 2 weeks caused only a small nonsignificant stimulation of UVB-induced increase in the percentage of phospho-p53 (Ser-15)-positive cells in the epidermis (27 or 18%, respectively), the combination of the two treatments enhanced the UVB-induced increase in phospho-p53 (Ser-15)-positive cells by 99%. The plasma concentration of caffeine in mice ingesting caffeine (0.1\u20130.4 mg\/ml drinking water) is similar to that in the plasma of most coffee drinkers (one to four cups per day). Our studies indicate a greater than additive stimulatory effect of combined voluntary exercise and oral administration of a low dose of caffeine on UVB-induced apoptosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705839104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,30]],"date-time":"2007-07-30T21:15:33Z","timestamp":1185830133000},"page":"12936-12941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Voluntary exercise together with oral caffeine markedly stimulates UVB light-induced apoptosis and decreases tissue fat in SKH-1 mice"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Yao-Ping","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You-Rong","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing-Yun","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George C.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, and"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan H.","family":"Conney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","first-page":"5002","volume":"61","author":"Lu Y-P","year":"2001","unstructured":"Y-P Lu, Y-R Lou, Y Lin, WJ Shih, M-T Huang, CS Yang, AH Conney Cancer Res 61, 5002\u20135009 (2001).","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgl057"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607789103"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","first-page":"4785","volume":"60","author":"Lu Y-P","year":"2000","unstructured":"Y-P Lu, Y-R Lou, X-H Li, J-G Xie, D Brash, M-T Huang, AH Conney Cancer Res 60, 4785\u20134791 (2000).","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","first-page":"2623","volume":"57","author":"Huang M-T","year":"1997","unstructured":"M-T Huang, J-G Xie, Z-Y Wang, C-T Ho, Y-R Lou, C-X Wang, GC Hard, AH Conney Cancer Res 57, 2623\u20132629 (1997).","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327914NC330205"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8670113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02018787"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"1673","volume-title":"Goodman and Gilman's: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics","author":"Gilman AG","year":"1985","unstructured":", eds AG Gilman, LS Goodman, TW Rall, F Murad (Macmillan, 7th Ed, New York) Goodman and Gilman's: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, pp. 1673 (1985).","edition":"7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","author":"Conney AH","year":"2007","unstructured":"AH Conney, S Zhou, MJ Lee, J-G Xie, CS Yang, Y-R Lou, Y-P Lu Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, in press. 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