{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T01:35:48Z","timestamp":1792373748162,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Magnesium inadequacy affects more than half of the U.S. population and is associated with increased risk for many age-related diseases, yet the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Altered cellular physiology has been demonstrated after acute exposure to severe magnesium deficiency, but few reports have addressed the consequences of long-term exposure to moderate magnesium deficiency in human cells. Therefore, IMR-90 human fibroblasts were continuously cultured in magnesium-deficient conditions to determine the long-term effects on the cells. These fibroblasts did not demonstrate differences in cellular viability or plating efficiency but did exhibit a decreased replicative lifespan in populations cultured in magnesium-deficient compared with standard media conditions, both at ambient (20% O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and physiological (5% O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) oxygen tension. The growth rates for immortalized IMR-90 fibroblasts were not affected under the same conditions. IMR-90 fibroblast populations cultured in magnesium-deficient conditions had increased senescence-associated \u03b2-galactosidase activity and increased p16\n                    <jats:sup>INK4a<\/jats:sup>\n                    and p21\n                    <jats:sup>WAF1<\/jats:sup>\n                    protein expression compared with cultures from standard media conditions. Telomere attrition was also accelerated in cell populations from magnesium-deficient cultures. Thus, the long-term consequence of inadequate magnesium availability in human fibroblast cultures was accelerated cellular senescence, which may be a mechanism through which chronic magnesium inadequacy could promote or exacerbate age-related disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0712401105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,7]],"date-time":"2008-04-07T21:06:33Z","timestamp":1207602393000},"page":"5768-5773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["Magnesium deficiency accelerates cellular senescence in cultured human fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"David W.","family":"Killilea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce N.","family":"Ames","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","first-page":"190","volume-title":"Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride (Natl Acad Press, Washington, DC), pp. 190\u2013249 (1997)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.9.2879"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"What We Eat in America, NHANES 2001\u20132002: Usual Nutrient Intakes from Food Compared to Dietary Reference Intakes","author":"Moshfegh A","year":"2005","unstructured":"A Moshfegh, J Goldman, L Cleveland What We Eat in America, NHANES 2001\u20132002: Usual Nutrient Intakes from Food Compared to Dietary Reference Intakes (US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Washington, DC, 2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2007.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.11.2456"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(01)00074-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.1.86"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mjt.0000209676.91582.46"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(78)90303-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6701524"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(93)90089-P"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"347","article-title":"Magnesium and cardiovascular biology: An important link between cardiovascular risk factors and atherogenesis","volume":"41","author":"Altura BM","year":"1995","unstructured":"BM Altura, BT Altura, Magnesium and cardiovascular biology: An important link between cardiovascular risk factors and atherogenesis. 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