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A suitable animal model that is permissive for Ad replication would help in the discovery process. Here we identify an animal model to study Ad pathogenesis and the efficacy of antiviral compounds. We show that human serotype 5 Ad (Ad5) causes severe systemic disease in immunosuppressed Syrian hamsters that is similar to that seen in immunocompromised patients. We also demonstrate that hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir (CMX001) rescues the hamsters from a lethal challenge with Ad5. The antiviral drug provided protection both prophylactically and when given up to 2 days after i.v. exposure to Ad5. CMX001 acts by reducing Ad replication in key target organs. Thus, the immunosuppressed Syrian hamster is a powerful model to evaluate anti-Ad drugs, and its use can facilitate the entry of drugs such as CMX001 into clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800200105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,19]],"date-time":"2008-05-19T20:58:50Z","timestamp":1211230730000},"page":"7293-7297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":142,"title":["Hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir, CMX001, prevents adenovirus-induced mortality in a permissive, immunosuppressed animal model"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Karoly","family":"Toth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline F.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debanjan","family":"Dhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1100 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Sagartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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