{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:21:45Z","timestamp":1792131705058,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"18","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Retinoid signaling plays a crucial role in patterning rhombomeres in the hindbrain and motor neurons in the spinal cord during development. A fundamentally interesting question is whether retinoids can pattern functional organization in the forebrain that generates a high order of cognitive behavior. The striatum contains a compartmental structure of striosome (or \u201cpatch\u201d) and intervening matrix. How this highly complex mosaic design is patterned by the genetic programs during development remains elusive. We report a developmental mechanism by which retinoid receptor signaling controls compartmental formation in the striatum. We analyzed RAR\u03b2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mutant mice and found a selective loss of striosomal compartmentalization in the rostral mutant striatum. The loss of RAR\u03b2 signaling in the mutant mice resulted in reduction of cyclin E2, a cell cycle protein regulating transition from G\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    to S phase, and also reduction of the proneural gene\n                    <jats:italic>Mash1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which led to defective neurogenesis of late-born striosomal cells. Importantly, during striatal neurogenesis, endogenous levels of retinoic acid were spatiotemporally regulated such that transduction of high levels of retinoic acid through RAR\u03b2 selectively expanded the population of late-born striosomal progenitors, which evolved into a highly elaborate compartment in the rostral striatum. RAR\u03b2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mutant mice, which lacked such enlarged compartment, displayed complex alternations of dopamine agonist-induced stereotypic motor behavior, including exaggeration of head bobbing movement and reduction of rearing activity. RAR\u03b2 signaling thus plays a crucial role in setting up striatal compartments that may engage in neural circuits of psychomotor control.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802109105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,28]],"date-time":"2008-04-28T21:26:54Z","timestamp":1209418014000},"page":"6765-6770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Modular patterning of structure and function of the striatum by retinoid receptor signaling"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Wen-Lin","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institute of Neuroscience,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu-Chao","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institute of Neuroscience,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiao-Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institute of Neuroscience,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institute of Neuroscience,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuan-Ming","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institute of Neuroscience,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiao-Lin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institute of Neuroscience,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chao","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701, Republic of China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Fen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan 112, Republic of China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Neurobiology Group, Mitsubishi Kagaku Institute of Life Sciences, Tokyo, 194-8511, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, State University of New York Health Science Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert B.","family":"Ghyselinck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique\/Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale\/University Louis Pasteur, Coll\u00e8ge de France, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, CU de Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Chambon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique\/Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale\/University Louis Pasteur, Coll\u00e8ge de France, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, CU de Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu-Chin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institute of Neuroscience,"},{"name":"Center of Neuroscience,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.11.5723"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(90)90104-I"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(92)90355-C"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141156"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn963"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.6.1317"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/11.10.894"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01308"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20281"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2006.11.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4773(94)90023-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5352.863"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20344"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.23.5285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.1.198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)91176-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(94)00144-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4695(19981105)37:2<281::AID-NEU7>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1202477"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19980715)53:2<223::AID-JNR11>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(00)00352-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.16.7772"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.116.1.55"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90487-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14349"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1998.71030929.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04178.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90013-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/73949"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1072-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.11000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(94)70119-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2006.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh332"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","first-page":"401","article-title":"The environment as an etiologic factor in autism: a new direction for research","volume":"3","author":"London E","year":"2000","unstructured":"E London, RA Etzel, The environment as an etiologic factor in autism: a new direction for research. Environ Health Perspect 3, 401\u2013404 (2000).","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1095943"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/mehy.1999.0999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","first-page":"425","article-title":"Role of the retinoic acid receptor beta (RAR beta) during mouse development","volume":"41","author":"Ghyselinck NB","year":"1997","unstructured":"NB Ghyselinck, et al., Role of the retinoic acid receptor beta (RAR beta) during mouse development. Int J Dev Biol 41, 425\u2013447 (1997).","journal-title":"Int J Dev Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00590-X"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.0802109105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T16:54:07Z","timestamp":1649782447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.0802109105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.0802109105"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0802109105","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-12-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-05-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}