{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T03:31:49Z","timestamp":1784863909490,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"27","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The recruitment of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) might have a beneficial effect on the clinical course of several diseases. Endothelial damage and detachment of endothelial cells are known to occur in infection, tissue ischemia, and sepsis. These detrimental effects in EPCs are unknown. Here we elucidated whether human EPCs internalize\n                    <jats:italic>Bartonella henselae<\/jats:italic>\n                    constituting a circulating niche of the pathogen.\n                    <jats:italic>B. henselae<\/jats:italic>\n                    invades EPCs as shown by gentamicin protection assays and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Dil-Ac-LDL\/lectin double immunostaining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of EPCs revealed EPC bioactivity after infection with\n                    <jats:italic>B. henselae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Nitric oxide (NO) and its precursor\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    -arginine (\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    -arg) exert a plethora of beneficial effects on vascular function and modulation of immune response. Therefore, we tested also the hypothesis that\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    -arg (1\u201330 mM) would affect the infection of\n                    <jats:italic>B. henselae<\/jats:italic>\n                    or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in EPCs. Our data provide evidence that\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    -arg counteracts detrimental effects induced by TNF or\n                    <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections via NO (confirmed by DETA-NO and L-NMMA experiments) and by modulation of p38 kinase phosphorylation. Microarray analysis indicated several genes involved in immune response were differentially expressed in\n                    <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    -infected EPCs, whereas these genes returned in steady state when cells were exposed to sustained doses of\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    -arg. This mechanism may have broad therapeutic applications in tissue ischemia, angiogenesis, immune response, and sepsis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0803602105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,30]],"date-time":"2008-06-30T21:10:47Z","timestamp":1214860247000},"page":"9427-9432","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Detrimental effects of\n                    <i>Bartonella henselae<\/i>\n                    are counteracted by\n                    <scp>l<\/scp>\n                    -arginine and nitric oxide in human endothelial progenitor cells"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Paola","family":"Salvatore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology \u201cLuigi Califano\u201d and School of Biotechnological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples 80131, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Casamassimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pathology and Excellence Research Center on Cardiovascular Diseases, 1st School of Medicine,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Sommese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Microbiology, Department of Experimental Medicine, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmela","family":"Fiorito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pathology and Excellence Research Center on Cardiovascular Diseases, 1st School of Medicine,"},{"name":"Section of Microbiology, Department of Experimental Medicine, and"},{"name":"Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Multimedica, Milan 20099, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Ciccodicola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Genetics and Biophysics \u201cA. Buzzati-Traverso\u201d, Naples 80131, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Rossiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of gHuman Pathology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bice","family":"Avallone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Science, Federico II University of Naples, Naples 80134, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Grimaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pathology and Excellence Research Center on Cardiovascular Diseases, 1st School of Medicine,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Genetics and Biophysics \u201cA. Buzzati-Traverso\u201d, Naples 80131, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Rienzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pathology and Excellence Research Center on Cardiovascular Diseases, 1st School of Medicine,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Colicchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SDN Research Foundation\u2013Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Naples 80143, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Williams-Ignarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anesthesiology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Pagliarulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Sannio, Benevento 82110, Italy; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Evelina","family":"Prudente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of gHuman Pathology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciro","family":"Abbondanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pathology and Excellence Research Center on Cardiovascular Diseases, 1st School of Medicine,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florentia","family":"Lamberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology \u201cLuigi Califano\u201d and School of Biotechnological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples 80131, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adone","family":"Baroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, II University of Naples, Naples 80138, 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