{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T03:48:01Z","timestamp":1791085681324,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"51","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The\n                    <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    vulva is an elegant model for dissecting a gene regulatory network (GRN) that directs postembryonic organogenesis. The mature vulva comprises seven cell types (vulA, vulB1, vulB2, vulC, vulD, vulE, and vulF), each with its own unique pattern of spatial and temporal gene expression. The mechanisms that specify these cell types in a precise spatial pattern are not well understood. Using reverse genetic screens, we identified novel components of the vulval GRN, including\n                    <jats:italic>nhr-113<\/jats:italic>\n                    in vulA. Several transcription factors (\n                    <jats:italic>lin-11<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>lin-29<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>cog-1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>egl-38<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>nhr-67<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) interact with each other and act in concert to regulate target gene expression in the diverse vulval cell types. For example,\n                    <jats:italic>egl-38<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Pax2\/5\/8) stabilizes the vulF fate by positively regulating vulF characteristics and by inhibiting characteristics associated with the neighboring vulE cells.\n                    <jats:italic>nhr-67<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>egl-38<\/jats:italic>\n                    regulate\n                    <jats:italic>cog-1,<\/jats:italic>\n                    helping restrict its expression to vulE. Computational approaches have been successfully used to identify functional\n                    <jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\n                    -regulatory motifs in the\n                    <jats:italic>zmp-1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (zinc metalloproteinase) promoter. These results provide an overview of the regulatory network architecture for each vulval cell type.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806377105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]],"date-time":"2008-12-22T21:10:18Z","timestamp":1229980218000},"page":"20095-20099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["The\n                    <i>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/i>\n                    vulva: A post-embryonic gene regulatory network controlling organogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Ted O.","family":"Ririe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolene S.","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul W.","family":"Sternberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","volume-title":"Genomic Regulatory Systems: Development and Evolution","author":"Davidson EH","year":"2001","unstructured":"EH Davidson Genomic Regulatory Systems: Development and Evolution (Academic, San Diego, 2001)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1895\/wormbook.1.6.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408122102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1534-5807(03)00168-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/344876a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(99)00314-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9525(99)01883-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.121.8.2491"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.21.4333"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(00)00827-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2002.0850"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1576"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00412-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(00)00125-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.20.3919"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0030069"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(01)00519-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.125.6.1083"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(99)80112-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1089163"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00251-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.172522499"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(03)00117-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.122.12.4149"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.127.23.5047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-142X.2004.04029.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90293-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90292-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mod.2005.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2005.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-7-280"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01454"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)00994-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1998.9063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2006.08.068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-1606(03)00032-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.4997306"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505530102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1534-5807(03)00363-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2004.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1991.tb04966.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/141.3.977"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.14.3367"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2005.04.023"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.0806377105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T18:04:50Z","timestamp":1649786690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.0806377105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,23]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"51","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.0806377105"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0806377105","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-07-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-12-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}