{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:51:52Z","timestamp":1792741912716,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"43","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Substitutive cell therapy using fetal striatal grafts has demonstrated preliminary clinical success in patients with Huntington's disease, but the logistics required for accessing fetal cells preclude its extension to the relevant population of patients. Human embryonic stem (hES) cells theoretically meet this challenge, because they can be expanded indefinitely and differentiated into any cell type. We have designed an\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    protocol combining substrates, media, and cytokines to push hES cells along the neural lineage, up to postmitotic neurons expressing striatal markers. The therapeutic potential of such hES-derived cells was further substantiated by their\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    differentiation into striatal neurons following xenotransplantation into adult rats. Our results open the way toward hES cell therapy for Huntington's disease. Long-term proliferation of human neural progenitors leads, however, to xenograft overgrowth in the rat brain, suggesting that the path to the clinic requires a way to switch them off after grafting.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0808488105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,15]],"date-time":"2008-10-15T23:53:44Z","timestamp":1224114824000},"page":"16707-16712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":261,"title":["Striatal progenitors derived from human ES cells mature into DARPP32 neurons\n                    <i>in vitro<\/i>\n                    and in quinolinic acid-lesioned rats"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Laetitia","family":"Aubry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale\/Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val-d'Essonne Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 861, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Association Fran\u00e7aise contre les Myopathies, 91030 Evry, France; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurore","family":"Bugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale\/Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val-d'Essonne Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 861, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Association Fran\u00e7aise contre les Myopathies, 91030 Evry, France; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Lefort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale\/Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val-d'Essonne Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 861, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Association Fran\u00e7aise contre les Myopathies, 91030 Evry, France; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"France","family":"Rousseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Neurobiologie, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75005 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Peschanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale\/Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val-d'Essonne Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 861, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Association Fran\u00e7aise contre les Myopathies, 91030 Evry, France; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anselme L.","family":"Perrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale\/Universit\u00e9 d'Evry-Val-d'Essonne Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 861, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Association Fran\u00e7aise contre les Myopathies, 91030 Evry, France; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh145"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70381-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)03310-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(02)00034-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0380"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404700101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1616208"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1495"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90210-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.00717"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(01)00555-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1201-1129"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90536-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00561-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1402"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1310"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02725.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2004-0172"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03149.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35053563"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1002\/0470870834.ch8","article-title":"Transplantation of human fetal striatal tissue in Huntington's disease: Rationale for clinical studies","volume":"231","author":"Freeman TB","year":"2000","unstructured":"TB Freeman, et al., Transplantation of human fetal striatal tissue in Huntington's disease: Rationale for clinical studies. 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