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Local violations led to an early response in auditory cortex, independent of attention or the presence of a concurrent visual task, whereas global violations led to a late and spatially distributed response that was only present when subjects were attentive and aware of the violations. We could detect the global effect in individual subjects using functional MRI and both scalp and intracerebral event-related potentials. Recordings from 8 noncommunicating patients with disorders of consciousness confirmed that only conscious individuals presented a global effect. Taken together these observations suggest that the presence of the global effect is a signature of conscious processing, although it can be absent in conscious subjects who are not aware of the global auditory regularities. This simple electrophysiological marker could thus serve as a useful clinical tool.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809667106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,21]],"date-time":"2009-01-21T21:40:22Z","timestamp":1232574022000},"page":"1672-1677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":720,"title":["Neural signature of the conscious processing of auditory regularities"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Tristan A.","family":"Bekinschtein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuro-Imaging Unit, Institut F\u00e9d\u00e9ratif de Recherche 49, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanislas","family":"Dehaene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuro-Imaging Unit, Institut F\u00e9d\u00e9ratif de Recherche 49, Institut 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