{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:34:33Z","timestamp":1791092073305,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Adequate spontaneous activation of tumor-specific T lymphocytes in tumor-bearing hosts is rare, despite the expression of tumor antigens that are potentially highly immunogenic. For example, failure of the immune system to raise competent responses against established tumors expressing the human adenovirus E1A-antigen allows this tumor to grow in immunocompetent mice. We show that systemic\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    administration of agonistic anti-CD40 antibodies into tumor-bearing mice results in tumor eradication mediated by CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells. Treatment resulted in a strong expansion and systemic accumulation of E1A-specific CTL and depended on CD40 expression on host cells, as the tumor was CD40\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and therapy failed in CD40-deficient mice. Local intratumoral administration of anti-CD40 mAb is equally effective in licensing strong, systemic CTL immunity, resulting in the clearance of distant tumor nodules. Our data indicate that the immune response after cancer\u2013host interactions can be directed toward competence, leading to the cure of established tumors merely by delivery of a CD40-dependent \u201clicense to kill\u201d signal.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.082107699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:45:09Z","timestamp":1027680309000},"page":"5561-5566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["CD40 stimulation leads to effective therapy of CD40\n                    <sup>\u2212<\/sup>\n                    tumors through induction of strong systemic cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunity"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Geertje J. D.","family":"van Mierlo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Immunohematology and Bloodtransfusion and Reumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemieke Th.","family":"den Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Immunohematology and Bloodtransfusion and Reumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Paul","family":"Medema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Immunohematology and Bloodtransfusion and Reumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen I. H.","family":"van der Voort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Immunohematology and Bloodtransfusion and Reumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. 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