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Fusion between tumor cells and normal cells, or among tumor cells themselves, has also been speculated to contribute to tumor initiation, as well as phenotypic evolution during cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we show that dual metastasis organotropisms can be acquired in the same cell through in vitro or in vivo spontaneous fusion between bone- and lung-tropic sublines of the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. The synkaryonic hybrids assimilate organ-specific metastasis gene signatures from both parental cells and are genetically and phenotypically stable. Our study suggests cell fusion as an efficient means of phenotypic evolution during tumor progression and additionally demonstrates the compatibility of different metastasis organotropisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900108106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,20]],"date-time":"2009-05-20T21:51:09Z","timestamp":1242856269000},"page":"9385-9390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Efficient acquisition of dual metastasis organotropism to bone and lung through stable spontaneous fusion between MDA-MB-231 variants"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibin","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544; and"},{"name":"Breast Cancer Program, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06914"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81683-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1098"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1535-6108(03)00132-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03799"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1535-6108(03)00114-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2371"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1740"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00048385"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910440430"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.240360204"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc924"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1678"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb0508-503"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5401.534"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5497.1779"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5497.1775"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature729"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature730"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01531"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02069"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1116447"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04914"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1720"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1721"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01322"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2007.01.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2272"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.10.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704547"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704939"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/226717a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000131329"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910360602"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V47.4.687.687"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006470614782"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23838"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"DNA cytometric analysis of surgically treated squamous cell cancer of the uterine cervix, stage pT1b1-pT2b","volume":"24","author":"Horn LC","year":"2002","unstructured":"LC Horn, G Raptis, H Nenning, DNA cytometric analysis of surgically treated squamous cell cancer of the uterine cervix, stage pT1b1-pT2b. 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