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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic>\n                    toxin is a major virulence factor of\n                    <jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which causes pasteurellosis in men and animals and atrophic rhinitis in rabbits and pigs. The \u2248145 kDa protein toxin stimulates various signal transduction pathways by activating heterotrimeric G proteins of the G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>q<\/jats:sub>\n                    , G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>12\/13<\/jats:sub>\n                    families by using an as yet unknown mechanism. Here, we show that\n                    <jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic>\n                    toxin deamidates glutamine-205 of G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>i2<\/jats:sub>\n                    to glutamic acid. Therefore, the toxin inhibits the intrinsic GTPase activity of G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    and causes persistent activation of the G protein. A similar modification is also evident for G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>q<\/jats:sub>\n                    , but not for the closely related G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>11<\/jats:sub>\n                    , which is not a substrate of\n                    <jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic>\n                    toxin. Our data identify the \u03b1-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins as the direct molecular target of\n                    <jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic>\n                    toxin and indicate that the toxin does not act like a protease, which was suggested from its thiol protease-like catalytic triad, but instead causes constitutive activation of G proteins by deamidase activity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900160106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,15]],"date-time":"2009-04-15T21:53:59Z","timestamp":1239832439000},"page":"7179-7184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["<i>Pasteurella multocida<\/i>\n                    toxin activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by deamidation"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Joachim H. 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