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Although much of this clonal expansion is caused by the division of antigen-specific cells, here we demonstrate an additional mechanism by which the pool of effector T cells against a viral infection can quickly enlarge. Our data show that virus-specific CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) can transfer their T cell receptors (TCR) to recipient CTL of an unrelated specificity that, as a consequence, gain the antigen specificity of the donor T cell. This process occurs within minutes via membrane exchange and results in the recipient CTL acquiring the ability to recognize and eliminate cells targeted by the donor TCR, while still retaining the antigen specificity of its own TCR. Such receptor sharing allows rapid, proliferation-independent expansion of virus-specific T cell clones of low frequency and plays a highly significant antiviral role that can protect the host from an otherwise lethal infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0906554106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,19]],"date-time":"2009-08-19T00:07:04Z","timestamp":1250640424000},"page":"14984-14989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["T cell receptor sharing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes facilitates efficient virus control"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Geeta","family":"Chaudhri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity Group and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben J.","family":"Quah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Vascular Biology Group, Immunology Program, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity Group and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abel H. 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