{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T04:36:00Z","timestamp":1793162160461,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"46","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The inflammatory response that accompanies central nervous system (CNS) injury can affect neurological outcome in both positive and negative ways. In the optic nerve, a CNS pathway that normally fails to regenerate when damaged, intraocular inflammation causes retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to switch into an active growth state and extend lengthy axons down the nerve. The molecular basis of this phenomenon is uncertain. A prior study showed that oncomodulin (Ocm), a Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -binding protein secreted by a macrophage cell line, is a potent axon-promoting factor for RGCs. However, it is not known whether Ocm contributes to the physiological effects of intraocular inflammation in vivo, and there are conflicting reports in the literature regarding its expression and significance. We show here that intraocular inflammation causes infiltrative cells of the innate immune system to secrete high levels of Ocm, and that agents that prevent Ocm from binding to its receptor suppress axon regeneration. These results were verified in different strains, species, and experimental models, and establish Ocm as a potent growth-promoting signal between the innate immune system and neurons in vivo.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907085106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,29]],"date-time":"2009-10-29T22:30:15Z","timestamp":1256855415000},"page":"19587-19592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":183,"title":["Oncomodulin links inflammation to optic nerve regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Yuqin","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Program,"},{"name":"Departments of bSurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-ya","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Program,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Program,"},{"name":"Departments of bSurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Berlinicke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Zaverucha-do-Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Program,"},{"name":"Departments of bSurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huamei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital, and"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Petkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Institute of Medicine, and Beth Israel-Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald J.","family":"Zack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry I.","family":"Benowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Program,"},{"name":"Departments of bSurgery and"},{"name":"Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(96)10049-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132528"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2565"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1447-08.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90085-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.10.11.8836043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-12-04615.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-06-02284.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2774-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.11-04-00972.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2111-05.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0798-814"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3992-08.2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4918-08.2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284793"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"3943","article-title":"Cataractogenic lens injury prevents traumatic ganglion cell death and promotes axonal regeneration both in vivo and in culture","volume":"41","author":"Fischer D","year":"2000","unstructured":"D Fischer, M Pavlidis, S Thanos, Cataractogenic lens injury prevents traumatic ganglion cell death and promotes axonal regeneration both in vivo and in culture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 41, 3943\u20133954 (2000).","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1701"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh706"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05230.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm257"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3129\/i09-059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00185298"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480250805"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm284"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0791"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.2000.0285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(90)90138-I"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-7431(02)00037-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3532-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1068428"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(00)27264-9"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.0907085106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T18:43:20Z","timestamp":1649789000000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.0907085106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"46","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.0907085106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0907085106","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-06-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-11-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}