{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:37:12Z","timestamp":1781109432465,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Hose in Hose<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants of primrose and cowslip have been cultivated since the early 17th century and show dominant homeotic conversion of sepals to petals. The phenotype shows variable penetrance and expressivity and is linked to the\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    locus, which controls floral heteromorphy in\n                    <jats:italic>Primula<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Here we demonstrate that the homeotic conversion of sepals to petals in\n                    <jats:italic>Hose in Hose<\/jats:italic>\n                    is associated with up-regulation of both\n                    <jats:italic>Primula<\/jats:italic>\n                    B-function MADS box genes\n                    <jats:italic>PvDef<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>PvGlo<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the first floral whorl. We have defined a restriction fragment length polymorphism associated with\n                    <jats:italic>PvGlo<\/jats:italic>\n                    that cosegregates with the\n                    <jats:italic>Hose in Hose<\/jats:italic>\n                    phenotype and have also identified and characterized a retrotransposon insertion in the\n                    <jats:italic>PvGlo<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter which is associated with the up-regulated expression of\n                    <jats:italic>PvGlo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Excision of this retrotransposon, associated with epigenetic changes at the locus, causes reversion toward normal calyces and restores wild-type flower development. These data define the molecular basis of the\n                    <jats:italic>Hose in Hose<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation and provide an explanation for its long-documented phenotypic instability.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910955107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,9]],"date-time":"2010-03-09T00:29:02Z","timestamp":1268094542000},"page":"5664-5668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["<i>Hose in Hose<\/i>\n                    , an\n                    <i>S<\/i>\n                    locus\u2013linked mutant of\n                    <i>Primula vulgaris<\/i>\n                    , is caused by an unstable mutation at the\n                    <i>Globosa<\/i>\n                    locus"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Jinhong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT; and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitta","family":"Dudas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT; and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret A.","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT; and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly E.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT; and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan H.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT; and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip M.","family":"Gilmartin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT; and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.106.2.209"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"The Herball or Generall Historie of Plantes","author":"Gerard J","year":"1633","unstructured":"J Gerard The Herball or Generall Historie of Plantes, ed T Johnson (John Norton, London, 1633)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"Specimen Historiae Plantarum: Plantae Typis Aneis Expressae","author":"de Reneaulm P","year":"1611","unstructured":"P de Reneaulm Specimen Historiae Plantarum: Plantae Typis Aneis Expressae (Beys, Paris, 1611)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","volume-title":"Hortus Floridus","author":"van de Passe C","year":"1614","unstructured":"C van de Passe Hortus Floridus (J. 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J Proc Linn Soc Bot 6, 77\u201396 (1862).","journal-title":"J Proc Linn Soc Bot"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Further investigations towards the analysis of fertilization and genetics of heterostyly in Primula. I. Primula viscose (Translated from German)","volume":"8","author":"Ernst A","year":"1933","unstructured":"A Ernst, Further investigations towards the analysis of fertilization and genetics of heterostyly in Primula. I. Primula viscose (Translated from German). Arch Julius Klaus Stift Vererbungsforsch Sozialanthropol Rassenhyg 8, 1\u2013215 (1933).","journal-title":"Arch Julius Klaus Stift Vererbungsforsch Sozialanthropol Rassenhyg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1905.0049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"129","volume-title":"Evolution and Function of Heterostyly","author":"Lewis D","year":"1993","unstructured":"D Lewis, DA Jones, The genetics of heterostyly. 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(PhD thesis (Univ of Leeds, Leeds, UK, 2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gen072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2007.03125.x"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.0910955107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T18:34:07Z","timestamp":1649788447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.0910955107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.0910955107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0910955107","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-03-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}