{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T14:48:01Z","timestamp":1781102881204,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Molecular beam scattering experiments are used to investigate reactions of SO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    at the surface of a molten alkali carbonate eutectic at 683\u00a0K. We find that two-thirds of the SO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    molecules that thermalize at the surface of the melt are converted to gaseous CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    via the reaction\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"pnas.0910993107eq1.gif\"\/>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    . The CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    product is formed from SO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    in less than 10\n                    <jats:sup>-6<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00a0s, implying that the reaction takes place in a shallow liquid region less than 100\u00a0\u212b deep. The reaction probability does not vary between 683 and 883\u00a0K, further implying a compensation between decreasing SO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    residence time in the near-interfacial region and increasing reactivity at higher temperatures. These results demonstrate the remarkable efficiency of SO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00a0\u2192\u00a0CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    conversion by molten carbonates, which appear to be much more reactive than dry calcium carbonate or wet slurries commonly used for flue gas desulfurization in coal-burning power plants.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910993107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]],"date-time":"2010-02-01T22:51:30Z","timestamp":1265064690000},"page":"6622-6627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Reactive collisions of sulfur dioxide with molten carbonates"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Krebs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706-1322"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert M.","family":"Nathanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706-1322"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","volume-title":"Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere","author":"Finlayson-Pitts BJ","year":"2000","unstructured":"BJ Finlayson-Pitts, JN Pitts Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere (Academic, New York, 2000)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ea.21.050193.001055"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Sulfur dioxide. www.epa.gov\/oar\/urbanair\/so2\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10473289.2001.10464387"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"Flue gas desulfurization (acid removal). yosemite.epa.gov\/oaqps\/EOGtrain.nsf\/DisplayView\/SI_412C_9?OpenDocument."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b417872f"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp056312b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1366\/0003702884430155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecs.2006.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bscb.19780870401"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"73","article-title":"The molten carbonate process for sulfur oxide emissions","volume":"65","author":"Oldenkamp RD","year":"1969","unstructured":"RD Oldenkamp, ED Margolin, The molten carbonate process for sulfur oxide emissions. Chem Eng Prog 65, 73\u201376 (1969).","journal-title":"Chem Eng Prog"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es60083a009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physchem.55.091602.094357"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/je00103a001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/je00048a016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2917212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ed044p581"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0682(199904)1999:4<583::AID-EJIC583>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2423614"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01007939"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1595\/003214088X324200203","article-title":"Control of corrosion in molten carbonate fuel cells\u2014The application of platinum group metals in anode components","volume":"32","author":"Wyatt M","year":"1988","unstructured":"M Wyatt, JM Fisher, Control of corrosion in molten carbonate fuel cells\u2014The application of platinum group metals in anode components. Platinum Met Rev 32, 200\u2013203 (1988).","journal-title":"Platinum Met Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp000105o"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","volume-title":"Handbook of Auger Electron Spectra","author":"Davis LE","year":"1976","unstructured":"LE Davis Handbook of Auger Electron Spectra (Physical Electronics, Eden Prairie, MN, 1976)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp050042f"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie9706119"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.263.5145.365"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2002JD002051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp000479h"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00101a038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp000806l"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie010887n"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.0910993107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T06:43:37Z","timestamp":1711176217000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.0910993107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,13]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.0910993107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0910993107","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}