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The model shows sustained high levels of reactive bromine in the plume, leading to extensive ozone destruction, that, depending on plume dispersal, can be maintained for several days. The very high concentrations of sulfur dioxide in the volcanic plume reduces the lifetime of the OH radical drastically, so that it is virtually absent in the volcanic plume. This would imply an increased lifetime of methane in volcanic plumes, unless reactive chlorine chemistry in the plume is strong enough to offset the lack of OH chemistry. A further effect of bromine chemistry in addition to ozone destruction shown by the model studies presented here, is the oxidation of mercury. This relates to mercury that has been coemitted with bromine from the volcano but also to background atmospheric mercury. The rapid oxidation of mercury implies a drastically reduced atmospheric lifetime of mercury so that the contribution of volcanic mercury to the atmospheric background might be less than previously thought. However, the implications, especially health and environmental effects due to deposition, might be substantial and warrant further studies, especially field measurements to test this hypothesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0913164107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,5]],"date-time":"2010-04-05T20:35:31Z","timestamp":1270499731000},"page":"6594-6599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":153,"title":["Atmospheric chemistry in volcanic plumes"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Roland","family":"von Glasow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01625"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2006.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006JD007206"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","article-title":"Halogen oxide measurements at Masaya volcano, Nicaragua using active long path differential optical absorption spectroscopy","author":"Kern C","year":"2008","unstructured":"C Kern, et al., Halogen oxide measurements at Masaya volcano, Nicaragua using active long path differential optical absorption spectroscopy. 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