{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T11:30:28Z","timestamp":1791113428464,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"22","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Diuresis following blood-gorging in\n                    <jats:italic>Rhodnius prolixus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the major process leading to the transmission of Chagas\u2019 disease. We have cloned the cDNA of the first receptor known to be involved in an antidiuretic strategy in insects, a strategy that prevents diuresis. This receptor belongs to the insect CAPA receptor family known in other insects to be activated by peptides encoded within the\n                    <jats:italic>capability<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene. We characterize the expression profile in fifth-instars and find expression is localized to the alimentary canal. Highest transcript levels are found in Malpighian tubules and the anterior midgut, which are known targets of the antidiuretic hormone, RhoprCAPA-\u03b12. Two transcripts were identified,\n                    <jats:italic>capa-r1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>capa-r2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ; however, the latter encodes an atypical G protein-coupled receptor lacking a region ranging between the first and second transmembrane domain. Our heterologous expression assay revealed the expressed\n                    <jats:italic>capa-r1<\/jats:italic>\n                    receptor is activated by RhoprCAPA-\u03b12 (EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 385nM) but not by RhoprCAPA-\u03b11. Structural analogs of the inactive RhoprCAPA-\u03b11 were capable of activating the expressed\n                    <jats:italic>capa-r1<\/jats:italic>\n                    receptor, confirming the importance of the C-terminal consensus sequence common to CAPA-related peptides. In addition, this receptor has some sensitivity to the pyrokinin-related peptide, RhoprCAPA-\u03b1PK1, but with an efficacy \u224840-fold less than RhoprCAPA-\u03b12. Other peptides belonging to the PRXamide superfamily were inactive on the\n                    <jats:italic>capa-r1<\/jats:italic>\n                    receptor. Taken together, the neuroendocrinological relevance of this receptor in facilitating the antidiuretic strategy in\n                    <jats:italic>R. prolixus<\/jats:italic>\n                    may make this receptor a useful target for development of agonists or antagonists that could help influence the transmission of Chagas\u2019 disease that occurs during diuresis in this medically important insect-disease vector.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1003666107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,17]],"date-time":"2010-05-17T22:13:23Z","timestamp":1274134403000},"page":"10290-10295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Isolation, expression analysis, and functional characterization of the first antidiuretic hormone receptor in insects"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Paluzzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, L5L 1C6, Canada;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoonseong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald J.","family":"Nachman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Areawide Pest Management Research, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, College Station, TX 77845"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Orchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, L5L 1C6, Canada;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","first-page":"279","volume-title":"Advances in Insect Physiology","author":"Coast GM","year":"2002","unstructured":"GM Coast, I Orchard, JE Phillips, DA Schooley Advances in Insect Physiology (Academic Press, London), pp. 279\u2013409 (2002)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"250","article-title":"Peptides and serotonin control feeding-related events in Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"1","author":"Orchard I","year":"2009","unstructured":"I Orchard, Peptides and serotonin control feeding-related events in Rhodnius prolixus. Front Biosci 1, 250\u2013262 (2009).","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.01.025","article-title":"Biological activity of diuretic factors on the anterior midgut of the blood-feeding bug, Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"162","author":"Te Brugge V","year":"2009","unstructured":"V Te Brugge, JP Ianowski, I Orchard, Biological activity of diuretic factors on the anterior midgut of the blood-feeding bug, Rhodnius prolixus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 162, 105\u2013112 (2009).","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R548","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00208.2009","article-title":"The antidiuretic neurohormone RhoprCAPA-2 downregulates fluid transport across the anterior midgut in the blood-feeding insect Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"298","author":"Ianowski JP","year":"2010","unstructured":"JP Ianowski, JP Paluzzi, VA Te Brugge, I Orchard, The antidiuretic neurohormone RhoprCAPA-2 downregulates fluid transport across the anterior midgut in the blood-feeding insect Rhodnius prolixus. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 298, R548\u2013R557 (2010).","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","first-page":"R823","article-title":"Neuropeptide stimulation of the nitric oxide signaling pathway in Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian tubules","volume":"42","author":"Davies SA","year":"1997","unstructured":"SA Davies, et al., Neuropeptide stimulation of the nitric oxide signaling pathway in Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian tubules. Am J Physiol 42, R823\u2013R827 (1997).","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4135","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01255","article-title":"Conservation of capa peptide-induced nitric oxide signalling in Diptera","volume":"207","author":"Pollock VP","year":"2004","unstructured":"VP Pollock, et al., Conservation of capa peptide-induced nitric oxide signalling in Diptera. J Exp Biol 207, 4135\u20134145 (2004).","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.17.2363","article-title":"Anti-diuresis in the blood-feeding insect Rhodnius prolixus St\u00e5l: The peptide CAP2b and cyclic GMP inhibit Malpighian tubule fluid secretion","volume":"200","author":"Quinlan MC","year":"1997","unstructured":"MC Quinlan, NJ Tublitz, MJ O'Donnell, Anti-diuresis in the blood-feeding insect Rhodnius prolixus St\u00e5l: The peptide CAP2b and cyclic GMP inhibit Malpighian tubule fluid secretion. J Exp Biol 200, 2363\u20132367 (1997).","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.02083","article-title":"Distribution, activity and evidence for the release of an anti-diuretic peptide in the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"209","author":"Paluzzi JP","year":"2006","unstructured":"JP Paluzzi, I Orchard, Distribution, activity and evidence for the release of an anti-diuretic peptide in the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus. J Exp Biol 209, 907\u2013915 (2006).","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4638","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0353","article-title":"Isolation, cloning, and expression mapping of a gene encoding an antidiuretic hormone and other CAPA-related peptides in the disease vector, Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"149","author":"Paluzzi JP","year":"2008","unstructured":"JP Paluzzi, WK Russell, RJ Nachman, I Orchard, Isolation, cloning, and expression mapping of a gene encoding an antidiuretic hormone and other CAPA-related peptides in the disease vector, Rhodnius prolixus. Endocrinology 149, 4638\u20134646 (2008).","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.11.004","article-title":"A second gene encodes the anti-diuretic hormone in the insect, Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"317","author":"Paluzzi JP","year":"2010","unstructured":"JP Paluzzi, I Orchard, A second gene encodes the anti-diuretic hormone in the insect, Rhodnius prolixus. Mol Cell Endocrinol 317, 53\u201363 (2010).","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2008.03634.x","article-title":"Diuretic and antidiuretic hormones in the blood-gorging bug Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"1163","author":"Orchard I","year":"2009","unstructured":"I Orchard, JP Paluzzi, Diuretic and antidiuretic hormones in the blood-gorging bug Rhodnius prolixus. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1163, 501\u2013503 (2009).","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5461.2185","article-title":"The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"287","author":"Adams MD","year":"2000","unstructured":"MD Adams, et al., The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster. Science 287, 2185\u20132195 (2000).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11423","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.162276199","article-title":"Identification of G protein-coupled receptors for Drosophila PRXamide peptides, CCAP, corazonin, and AKH supports a theory of ligand-receptor coevolution","volume":"99","author":"Park Y","year":"2002","unstructured":"Y Park, YJ Kim, ME Adams, Identification of G protein-coupled receptors for Drosophila PRXamide peptides, CCAP, corazonin, and AKH supports a theory of ligand-receptor coevolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99, 11423\u201311428 (2002).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)02709-2","article-title":"Molecular cloning and functional expression of a Drosophila receptor for the neuropeptides capa-1 and -2","volume":"299","author":"Iversen A","year":"2002","unstructured":"A Iversen, G Cazzamali, M Williamson, F Hauser, CJP Grimmelikhuijzen, Molecular cloning and functional expression of a Drosophila receptor for the neuropeptides capa-1 and -2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 299, 628\u2013633 (2002).","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.06.190","article-title":"Identification of one capa and two pyrokinin receptors from the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae","volume":"362","author":"Olsen SS","year":"2007","unstructured":"SS Olsen, G Cazzamali, M Williamson, CJP Grimmelikhuijzen, F Hauser, Identification of one capa and two pyrokinin receptors from the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 362, 245\u2013251 (2007).","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.63.6.1256","article-title":"The G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralogon groups, and fingerprints","volume":"63","author":"Fredriksson R","year":"2003","unstructured":"R Fredriksson, MC Lagerstr\u00f6m, LG Lundin, HB Schi\u00f6th, The G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralogon groups, and fingerprints. Mol Pharmacol 63, 1256\u20131272 (2003).","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.6714008","article-title":"Genomics, transcriptomics, and peptidomics of neuropeptides and protein hormones in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum","volume":"18","author":"Li B","year":"2008","unstructured":"B Li, et al., Genomics, transcriptomics, and peptidomics of neuropeptides and protein hormones in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. Genome Res 18, 113\u2013122 (2008).","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.110.15.1683","article-title":"Cell-type specific calcium signalling in a Drosophila epithelium","volume":"110","author":"Rosay P","year":"1997","unstructured":"P Rosay, et al., Cell-type specific calcium signalling in a Drosophila epithelium. J Cell Sci 110, 1683\u20131692 (1997).","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1297","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00584.2001","article-title":"Two nitridergic peptides are encoded by the gene capability in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"282","author":"Kean L","year":"2002","unstructured":"L Kean, et al., Two nitridergic peptides are encoded by the gene capability in Drosophila melanogaster. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 282, R1297\u2013R1307 (2002).","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.011882","article-title":"Differential actions of diuretic factors on the Malpighian tubules of Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"211","author":"Donini A","year":"2008","unstructured":"A Donini, MJ O'Donnell, I Orchard, Differential actions of diuretic factors on the Malpighian tubules of Rhodnius prolixus. J Exp Biol 211, 42\u201348 (2008).","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.62.3.671","article-title":"Secretion of hypo-osmotic fluid by the lower Malpighian tubules of Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"62","author":"Maddrell SHP","year":"1975","unstructured":"SHP Maddrell, JE Phillips, Secretion of hypo-osmotic fluid by the lower Malpighian tubules of Rhodnius prolixus. J Exp Biol 62, 671\u2013683 (1975).","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1982.0074","article-title":"Measurements of osmotic permeability in the Malpighian tubules of an insect, Rhodnius prolixus St\u00e5l","volume":"216","author":"O'Donnell MJ","year":"1982","unstructured":"MJ O'Donnell, GK Aldis, SHP Maddrell, Measurements of osmotic permeability in the Malpighian tubules of an insect, Rhodnius prolixus St\u00e5l. Proc R Soc Lond B 216, 267\u2013277 (1982).","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Lond B"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.1.139","article-title":"K+ reabsorption by the lower Malpighian tubule of Rhodnius prolixus: Inhibition by Ba2+ and blockers of H+\/K+-ATPases","volume":"200","author":"Haley C","year":"1997","unstructured":"C Haley, M Donnell, K+ reabsorption by the lower Malpighian tubule of Rhodnius prolixus: Inhibition by Ba2+ and blockers of H+\/K+-ATPases. J Exp Biol 200, 139\u2013147 (1997).","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.07.038","article-title":"The Drosophila gene CG9918 codes for a pyrokinin-1 receptor","volume":"335","author":"Cazzamali G","year":"2005","unstructured":"G Cazzamali, M Torp, F Hauser, M Williamson, CJP Grimmelikhuijzen, The Drosophila gene CG9918 codes for a pyrokinin-1 receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 335, 14\u201319 (2005).","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3681","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01186","article-title":"Sequence and expression of the CAPA\/CAP2b gene in the tobacco hawkmoth, Manduca sexta","volume":"207","author":"Loi PK","year":"2004","unstructured":"PK Loi, NJ Tublitz, Sequence and expression of the CAPA\/CAP2b gene in the tobacco hawkmoth, Manduca sexta. J Exp Biol 207, 3681\u20133691 (2004).","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2006.09.020","article-title":"Structure-activity relationships for in vitro diuretic activity of CAP2b in the housefly","volume":"28","author":"Nachman RJ","year":"2007","unstructured":"RJ Nachman, GM Coast, Structure-activity relationships for in vitro diuretic activity of CAP2b in the housefly. Peptides 28, 57\u201361 (2007).","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2006.07.005","article-title":"A review of neurohormone GPCRs present in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster and the honey bee Apis mellifera","volume":"80","author":"Hauser F","year":"2006","unstructured":"F Hauser, G Cazzamali, M Williamson, W Blenau, CJ Grimmelikhuijzen, A review of neurohormone GPCRs present in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster and the honey bee Apis mellifera. Prog Neurobiol 80, 1\u201319 (2006).","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btm404","article-title":"Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0","volume":"23","author":"Larkin MA","year":"2007","unstructured":"MA Larkin, et al., Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0. Bioinformatics 23, 2947\u20132948 (2007).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.9.e45","article-title":"A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR","volume":"29","author":"Pfaffl MW","year":"2001","unstructured":"MW Pfaffl, A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res 29\u2013e45 (2001).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/308241a0","article-title":"Point mutations close to the AUG initiator codon affect the efficiency of translation of rat preproinsulin in vivo","volume":"308","author":"Kozak M","year":"1984","unstructured":"M Kozak, Point mutations close to the AUG initiator codon affect the efficiency of translation of rat preproinsulin in vivo. Nature 308, 241\u2013246 (1984).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90762-2","article-title":"Point mutations define a sequence flanking the AUG initiator codon that modulates translation by eukaryotic ribosomes","volume":"44","author":"Kozak M","year":"1986","unstructured":"M Kozak, Point mutations define a sequence flanking the AUG initiator codon that modulates translation by eukaryotic ribosomes. Cell 44, 283\u2013292 (1986).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8125","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/15.20.8125","article-title":"An analysis of 5\u2032-noncoding sequences from 699 vertebrate messenger RNAs","volume":"15","author":"Kozak M","year":"1987","unstructured":"M Kozak, An analysis of 5\u2032-noncoding sequences from 699 vertebrate messenger RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 15, 8125\u20138148 (1987).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29528","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M004261200","article-title":"Identification and functional characterization of a novel subtype of neuromedin U receptor","volume":"275","author":"Hosoya M","year":"2000","unstructured":"M Hosoya, et al., Identification and functional characterization of a novel subtype of neuromedin U receptor. J Biol Chem 275, 29528\u201329532 (2000).","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msm092","article-title":"MEGA4: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0","volume":"24","author":"Tamura K","year":"2007","unstructured":"K Tamura, J Dudley, M Nei, S Kumar, MEGA4: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24, 1596\u20131599 (2007).","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.1003666107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T02:48:21Z","timestamp":1654570101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.1003666107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,17]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.1003666107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1003666107","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-05-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}