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We found that the p8 protein, known to anergize T cells, is also able to increase T-cell contact through lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 clustering. In addition, p8 augments the number and length of cellular conduits among T cells and is transferred to neighboring T cells through these conduits. p8, by establishing a T-cell network, enhances the envelope-dependent transmission of HTLV-1. Thus, the ability of p8 to simultaneously anergize and cluster T cells, together with its induction of cellular conduits, secures virus propagation while avoiding the host's immune surveillance. This work identifies p8 as a viral target for the development of therapeutic strategies that may limit the expansion of infected cells in HTLV-1 carriers and decrease HTLV-1\u2013associated morbidity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1009635107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,13]],"date-time":"2010-11-13T01:22:05Z","timestamp":1289611325000},"page":"20738-20743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 p8 protein increases cellular conduits and virus transmission"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Nancy","family":"Van Prooyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Models Retroviral Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;"},{"name":"Department of Biology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 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