{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T05:54:17Z","timestamp":1792734857498,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"20","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The glycoproteins (GP) of enveloped viruses facilitate entry into the host cell by interacting with specific cellular receptors. Despite extensive study, a cellular receptor for the deadly filoviruses\n                    <jats:italic>Ebolavirus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Marburgvirus<\/jats:italic>\n                    has yet to be identified and characterized. Here, we show that T-cell Ig and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) binds to the receptor binding domain of the Zaire Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein, and ectopic TIM-1 expression in poorly permissive cells enhances EBOV infection by 10- to 30-fold. Conversely, reduction of cell-surface expression of TIM-1 by RNAi decreased infection of highly permissive Vero cells. TIM-1 expression within the human body is broader than previously appreciated, with expression on mucosal epithelia from the trachea, cornea, and conjunctiva\u2014tissues believed to be important during in vivo transmission of filoviruses. Recognition that TIM-1 serves as a receptor for filoviruses on these mucosal epithelial surfaces provides a mechanistic understanding of routes of entry into the human body via inhalation of aerosol particles or hand-to-eye contact. ARD5, a monoclonal antibody against the IgV domain of TIM-1, blocked EBOV binding and infection, suggesting that antibodies or small molecules directed against this cellular receptor may provide effective filovirus antivirals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1019030108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,2]],"date-time":"2011-05-02T21:59:44Z","timestamp":1304373584000},"page":"8426-8431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":361,"title":["T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) is a receptor for\n                    <i>Zaire Ebolavirus<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Lake Victoria Marburgvirus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Kondratowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of aMicrobiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas 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and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Rennert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert F.","family":"Mullins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda","family":"Brindley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of aMicrobiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay M.","family":"Sandersfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of aMicrobiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrina","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gene Therapy and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National 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