{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:41:21Z","timestamp":1792701681779,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"24","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Blood feeding by vector mosquitoes provides the entry point for disease pathogens and presents an acute metabolic challenge that must be overcome to complete the gonotrophic cycle. Based on recent data showing that coatomer protein I (COPI) vesicle transport is involved in cellular processes beyond Golgi\u2013endoplasmic reticulum retrograde protein trafficking, we disrupted COPI functions in the Yellow Fever mosquito\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                    to interfere with blood meal digestion. Surprisingly, we found that decreased expression of the \u03b3COPI coatomer protein led to 89% mortality in blood-fed mosquitoes by 72 h postfeeding compared with 0% mortality in control dsRNA-injected blood-fed mosquitoes and 3% mortality in \u03b3COPI dsRNA-injected sugar-fed mosquitoes. Similar results were obtained using dsRNA directed against five other COPI coatomer subunits (\u03b1, \u03b2, \u03b2\u2032, \u03b4, and \u03b6). We also examined midgut tissues by EM, quantitated heme in fecal samples, and characterized feeding-induced protein expression in midgut, fat body, and ovary tissues of COPI-deficient mosquitoes. We found that COPI defects disrupt epithelial cell membrane integrity, stimulate premature blood meal excretion, and block induced expression of several midgut protease genes. To study the role of COPI transport in ovarian development, we injected \u03b3COPI dsRNA after blood feeding and found that, although blood digestion was normal, follicles in these mosquitoes were significantly smaller by 48 h postinjection and lacked eggshell proteins. Together, these data show that COPI functions are critical to mosquito blood digestion and egg maturation, a finding that could also apply to other blood-feeding arthropod vectors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1102637108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,31]],"date-time":"2011-05-31T22:20:55Z","timestamp":1306880455000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Defects in coatomer protein I (COPI) transport cause blood feeding-induced mortality in Yellow Fever mosquitoes"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Isoe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemant","family":"Badgandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Insect Science, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Anthony","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona Research Laboratories, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger L.","family":"Miesfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,"},{"name":"Arizona Research Laboratories, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_1_2_18_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2008.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_1_2_18_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2009.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_1_2_18_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-112408-085423"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.232"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2008.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2008.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2009.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0708098105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2009.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldq019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2007.00051.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.01.091"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2009.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90545-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.135.4.895"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200408135"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1768-322X.2004.tb01415.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2008.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00010.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M706504200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060292"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06928"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04377"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1359"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-006-0859-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2008.221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.15.3905"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","volume-title":"Biology of Disease Vectors","author":"Marquardt WC","year":"2005","unstructured":", ed WC Marquardt (Elsevier, 2nd Ed, London Biology of Disease Vectors, 2005).","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003241"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001964"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013252"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1016230107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.20238"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006297107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2008.12.083"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/4661048a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2007.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2008.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90643-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","first-page":"8.3","article-title":"Measurement of heme concentration","volume":"8","author":"Sinclair PR","year":"2001","unstructured":"PR Sinclair, N Gorman, JM Jacobs, Measurement of heme concentration. 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