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Here we report the isolation, characterization, and structure of a novel toxin [U\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    -liotoxin-Lw1a (U\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    -LITX-Lw1a)] from the venom of the scorpion\n                    <jats:italic>Liocheles waigiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    that is the first example of a native peptide that adopts the DDH fold. U\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    -LITX-Lw1a not only represents the discovery of a missing link in venom protein evolution, it is the first member of a fourth structural fold to be adopted by scorpion-venom peptides. Additionally, we show that U\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    -LITX-Lw1a has potent insecticidal activity across a broad range of insect pest species, thereby providing a unique structural scaffold for bioinsecticide development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1103501108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,14]],"date-time":"2011-06-14T14:03:48Z","timestamp":1308060228000},"page":"10478-10483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Unique scorpion toxin with a putative ancestral fold provides insight into evolution of the inhibitor cystine knot motif"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Jennifer J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine M.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle J.","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurotoxin Research Group, School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham M.","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurotoxin Research Group, School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn F.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul F.","family":"Alewood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-009-9247-1","article-title":"Calibrating the chelicerate clock: A paleontological reply to Jeyaprakash and Hoy","volume":"48","author":"Dunlop JA","year":"2009","unstructured":"JA Dunlop, PA Selden, Calibrating the chelicerate clock: A paleontological reply to Jeyaprakash and Hoy. 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