{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T17:40:20Z","timestamp":1789407620065,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"34","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The designation of\n                    <jats:italic>Homo floresiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a new species derived from an ancient population is controversial, because the type specimen, LB1, might represent a pathological microcephalic modern\n                    <jats:italic>Homo sapiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Accordingly, two specific craniometric ratios (relative frontal breadth and cerebellar protrusion) were ascertained in 21 microcephalic infants and children by using MRI. Data on 118 age-equivalent control (normocephalic) subjects were collected for comparative purposes. In addition, the same craniometric ratios were determined on the endocasts of 10 microcephalic individuals, 79 normal controls (anatomically modern humans), and 17\n                    <jats:italic>Homo erectus<\/jats:italic>\n                    specimens. These ratios were then compared with those of two LB1 endocasts. The findings showed that the calculated cerebral\/cerebellar ratios of the LB1 endocast [Falk D, et al. (2007)\n                    <jats:italic>Proc Natl Acad Sci USA<\/jats:italic>\n                    104:2513\u20132518] fall outside the range of living normocephalic individuals. The ratios derived from two LB1 endocasts also fall largely outside the range of modern normal human and\n                    <jats:italic>H. erectus<\/jats:italic>\n                    endocasts and within the range of microcephalic endocasts. The findings support but do not prove the contention that LB1 represents a pathological microcephalic\n                    <jats:italic>Homo sapiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    rather than a new species, (i.e.,\n                    <jats:italic>H. floresiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105585108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,9]],"date-time":"2011-08-09T02:20:00Z","timestamp":1312856400000},"page":"14043-14048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Craniometric ratios of microcephaly and LB1,\n                    <i>Homo floresiensis<\/i>\n                    , using MRI and endocasts"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Vannucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY 10012;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd F.","family":"Barron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WellSpan Neuroscience, York, PA 17402; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph L.","family":"Holloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02956"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20389"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0609185104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2006.01179.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1109727"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2008.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500692102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1114789"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"Flores may be pathological Homo sapiens","volume":"1","author":"Henneberg M","year":"2004","unstructured":"M Henneberg, A Thorne, Flores may be pathological Homo sapiens. Before Farming 1, 2\u20134 (2004).","journal-title":"Before Farming"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605563103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2006.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2008.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0710041105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001780"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.022440799"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"130","article-title":"The hobbit brain: Some doubts about its \u201cderived features\u201d","volume":"141","author":"Holloway RL","year":"2010","unstructured":"RL Holloway, T Schoenemann, J Monge, The hobbit brain: Some doubts about its \u201cderived features\u201d. Am J Phys Anthropol 141, 130 (2010).","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21066"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2009.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2008.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2008.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21255","article-title":"Five years of Homo floresiensis","volume":"142","author":"Aiello L.C.","year":"2010","unstructured":"L.C. Aiello, Five years of Homo floresiensis. Am J Phy Anthropol 142, 167\u2013179 (2010).","journal-title":"Am J Phy Anthropol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2009.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471663573"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","unstructured":"; R Development Core Team R: A language and environment for statistical computing. The R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna. Available at http:\/\/www.R-project.org. (2009)."}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.1105585108","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T16:02:09Z","timestamp":1712678529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.1105585108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"34","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.1105585108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1105585108","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-08-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}