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The G protein from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus endowed VSV with the ability to spread transsynaptically, specifically in an anterograde direction, whereas the rabies virus glycoprotein gave a specifically retrograde transsynaptic pattern. The use of an avian G protein fusion allowed specific targeting of cells expressing an avian receptor, which allowed a demonstration of monosynaptic anterograde tracing from defined cells. Synaptic connectivity of pairs of virally labeled cells was demonstrated by using slice cultures and electrophysiology. In vivo infections of several areas in the mouse brain led to the predicted patterns of spread for anterograde or retrograde tracers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1110854108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,9]],"date-time":"2011-08-09T02:20:00Z","timestamp":1312856400000},"page":"15414-15419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":186,"title":["Anterograde or retrograde transsynaptic labeling of CNS neurons with vesicular stomatitis virus vectors"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Kevin T.","family":"Beier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of aGenetics,"},{"name":"Ophthalmology,"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpiar","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology, and"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian A.","family":"Oldenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology, and"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunari","family":"Miyamichi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazia","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology, and"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean P. 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