{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:20:52Z","timestamp":1791267652999,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mammalian fertilization is accompanied by oscillations in egg cytoplasmic calcium (Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) concentrations that are critical for completion of egg activation. These oscillations are initiated by Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    release from inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    )-sensitive intracellular stores. We tested the hypothesis that Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx across the plasma membrane was a requisite component of egg activation signaling, and not simply a Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    source for store repletion. Using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and standard in vitro fertilization (IVF), we found that Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx was not required to initiate resumption of meiosis II. However, even if multiple oscillations in intracellular Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    occurred, in the absence of Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx, the fertilized eggs failed to emit the second polar body, resulting in formation of three pronuclei. Additional experiments using the Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    chelator, BAPTA\/AM, demonstrated that Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx is sufficient to support polar body emission and pronucleus formation after only a single sperm-induced Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    transient, whereas BAPTA\/AM-treated ICSI or fertilized eggs cultured in Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -free medium remained arrested in metaphase II. Inhibition of store-operated Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    entry had no effect on ICSI-induced egg activation, so Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx through alternative channels must participate in egg activation signaling. Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx appears to be upstream of CaMKII\u03b3 activity because eggs can be parthenogenetically activated with a constitutively active form of CaMKII\u03b3 in the absence of extracellular Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    . These results suggest that Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    influx at fertilization not only maintains Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    oscillations by replenishing Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    stores, but also activates critical signaling pathways upstream of CaMKII\u03b3 that are required for second polar body emission.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1112333109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,28]],"date-time":"2012-02-28T00:25:32Z","timestamp":1330388732000},"page":"4169-4174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Calcium influx-mediated signaling is required for complete mouse egg activation"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Yi-Liang","family":"Miao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy N.","family":"Jefferson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Padilla-Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen J.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2006.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2006.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1983.sp014783"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(92)90265-I"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0912658106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-1606(03)00133-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200311023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BC20080033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.03.063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M007524200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.077289"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1990.258.6.C1006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2007.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2006.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3350335"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-06-0304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/ceca.1999.0053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-09-0126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","article-title":"Calcium signalling in mouse oocyte maturation: The roles of STIM1, ORAI1 and SOCE","author":"Lopez-Guerrero AM","year":"2012","unstructured":"AM Lopez-Guerrero, E Pozo-Guisado, C Gomez-Fernandez, IS Alvarez, FJ Martin-Romero, Calcium signalling in mouse oocyte maturation: The roles of STIM1, ORAI1 and SOCE. 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