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A fraction of virus-binding B-cell population in the lung expressed surface markers for splenic mature memory B cells (CD73, CD80, and CD273) along with CD69 and CXCR3 that are up-regulated on lung effector\/memory T cells. The lung B-cell population with memory phenotype persisted for more than 5 mo after infection, and on reinfection promptly differentiated into plasma cells that produced virus-neutralizing antibodies locally. This production of local IgG and IgA neutralizing antibody was correlated with reduced virus spread in adapted hosts. Our data demonstrates that infected lungs harbor a memory B-cell subset with distinctive phenotype and ability to provide protection against pulmonary virus reinfection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1115369109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,31]],"date-time":"2012-01-31T01:24:54Z","timestamp":1327973094000},"page":"2485-2490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":250,"title":["Memory B cells in the lung participate in protective humoral immune responses to pulmonary influenza virus reinfection"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Taishi","family":"Onodera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshimasa","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Yokoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;"},{"name":"Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Ato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Kodama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Hachimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Kurosaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, and Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; and"},{"name":"Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.7.4343"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1091"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(87)90291-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800003105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.5.2250"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4688","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.10.4688","article-title":"Kinetics of establishing the memory B cell population as revealed by CD38 expression","volume":"160","author":"Ridderstad A","year":"1998","unstructured":"A Ridderstad, DM Tarlinton, Kinetics of establishing the memory B cell population as revealed by CD38 expression. 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