{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T04:36:05Z","timestamp":1793162165737,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"23","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The mature optic nerve cannot regenerate when injured, leaving victims of traumatic nerve damage or diseases such as glaucoma with irreversible visual losses. Recent studies have identified ways to stimulate retinal ganglion cells to regenerate axons part-way through the optic nerve, but it remains unknown whether mature axons can reenter the brain, navigate to appropriate target areas, or restore vision. We show here that with adequate stimulation, retinal ganglion cells are able to regenerate axons the full length of the visual pathway and on into the lateral geniculate nucleus, superior colliculus, and other visual centers. Regeneration partially restores the optomotor response, depth perception, and circadian photoentrainment, demonstrating the feasibility of reconstructing central circuitry for vision after optic nerve damage in mature mammals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119449109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,21]],"date-time":"2012-05-21T23:03:58Z","timestamp":1337641438000},"page":"9149-9154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":337,"title":["Full-length axon regeneration in the adult mouse optic nerve and partial recovery of simple visual behaviors"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Silmara","family":"de Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;"},{"name":"Department of Surgery,"},{"name":"Program of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Centre of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Koriyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;"},{"name":"Department of Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuji","family":"Kurimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;"},{"name":"Department of Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia Teixeira","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Centre of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;"},{"name":"Department of Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;"},{"name":"Department of Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Ya","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Fagiolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;"},{"name":"Department of Neurology,"},{"name":"Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria Blanco","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Centre of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry","family":"Benowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neuroscience Research in Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;"},{"name":"Department of Surgery,"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, and"},{"name":"Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.152"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10594"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1701"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907085106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4340-10.2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1161566"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-10-03977.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.2002.1168"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1046-2023(02)00232-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01317.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.04.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10848"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10567"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125609"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1504307"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04334"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90126-C"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(01)00431-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(02)37035-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0564-11.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001533"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10206"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1997.6495"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2011.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4370-11.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4779-09.2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e32832f802a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-7431(02)00037-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg249"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0541"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1211885109","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,23]],"date-time":"2012-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343001600000}}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.1119449109","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T20:40:27Z","timestamp":1649796027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.1119449109"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,21]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.1119449109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1119449109","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.717952795.793458325","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-05-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}