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In part, this is because infant crying, especially prolonged unsoothable crying, has been interpreted clinically as something wrong with the infant, the infant\u2019s caregiver, or the interactions between them. Here, we review an alternative developmental interpretation, namely, that the early increase in crying is a typical behavioral development in normal infants and usually does not reflect anything wrong or abnormal. We also review evidence indicating that this normal crying pattern is the most common trigger for abusive head trauma (AHT). Together, these findings point to a conceptualization of AHT as the consequence of a failure in an otherwise common, iterative, and developmentally normal infant\u2013caregiver interaction. They also imply that there is a window of opportunity for prevention of AHT, and potentially other forms of infant abuse, through a public health primary universal prevention strategy aimed at changing knowledge and behaviors of caregivers and society in general concerning normal development of infants and the significance of early increased infant crying. If effective, there may be important implications for prevention of infant abuse nationally and internationally.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121267109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]],"date-time":"2012-10-09T00:26:58Z","timestamp":1349742418000},"page":"17294-17301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Preventing abusive head trauma resulting from a failure of normal interaction between infants and their caregivers"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Ronald G.","family":"Barr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital; and Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3V4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1896"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"155","article-title":"Shaken baby syndrome in Canada: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospital cases","volume":"168","author":"King WJ","year":"2003","unstructured":"WJ King, M MacKay, A Sirnick, Shaken baby syndrome in Canada: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospital cases. 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