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Instead, exposing adult mice treated acutely with valproic acid or carrying a targeted deletion of the Nogo receptor (NgR\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) unmasked a strong plasticity of preference consistent with a reopening of the critical period as seen in other systems. Imaging of cFos expression revealed a prominent neuronal activation in response to the exposed music in the prelimbic and infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex only under conditions of open plasticity. Neither behavioral changes nor selective medial prefrontal cortex activation was observed in response to pure tone exposure, indicating a music-specific effect. Open-field center crossings were increased concomitant with shifts in music preference, suggesting a potential anxiolytic effect. Thus, music may offer both a unique window into the emotional state of mice and a potentially efficient assay for molecular \u201cbrakes\u201d on critical period plasticity common to sensory and higher order brain areas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1200705109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]],"date-time":"2012-10-09T00:26:58Z","timestamp":1349742418000},"page":"17213-17220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Critical period for acoustic preference in mice"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Eun-Jin","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric W.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takao K.","family":"Hensch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; and"},{"name":"F. 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