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Here we identify and analyze high-resolution ganglion cells in the mouse retina, using a transgenic line in which these cells, called \u201cW3\u201d, are labeled fluorescently. Counter to the expectation, these ganglion cells do not participate in encoding generic visual scenes, but remain silent during most common visual stimuli. A detailed study of their response properties showed that W3 cells pool rectified excitation from both On and Off bipolar cells, which makes them sensitive to local motion. However, they also receive unusually strong lateral inhibition, both pre- and postsynaptically, triggered by distant motion. As a result, the W3 cell can detect small moving objects down to the receptive field size of bipolar cells, but only if the background is featureless or stationary\u2014an unusual condition. A survey of naturalistic stimuli shows that W3 cells may serve as alarm neurons for overhead predators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1211547109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,13]],"date-time":"2012-08-13T22:37:49Z","timestamp":1344897469000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":247,"title":["The most numerous ganglion cell type of the mouse retina is a selective feature detector"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Yifeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In-Jung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua R.","family":"Sanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Meister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_1_2_17_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_1_2_17_8_2_2","volume-title":"Eye, Brain, and Vision","author":"Hubel DH","year":"1995","unstructured":"DH Hubel Eye, Brain, and Vision (Freeman, New York, 1995)."},{"key":"e_1_1_2_17_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_1_2_17_8_4_2","first-page":"1940","article-title":"What the frog\u2019s eye tells the frog\u2019s brain","volume":"47","author":"Lettvin JY","year":"1959","unstructured":"JY Lettvin, HR Maturana, WS McCulloch, WH Pitts, What the frog\u2019s eye tells the frog\u2019s brain. 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