{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T15:08:30Z","timestamp":1781104110111,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Paraneoplastic neurological disorders may result from autoimmunity directed against antigens shared by the affected neurons and the associated cancer cells. We have recently reported the case of a woman with breast cancer and paraneoplastic lower motor neuron syndrome whose serum contained autoantibodies directed against axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier of myelinated axons, including the axons of motoneurons. Here, we show that major targets of the autoantibodies of this patient are \u03b2IV\u03a31 spectrin and \u03b2IV spectrin 140, two isoforms of the novel \u03b2IV spectrin gene, as well as a neuronal surface epitope yet to be identified. Partial improvement of the neurological symptoms following cancer removal was associated with a drastic reduction in the titer of the autoantibodies against \u03b2IV spectrin and nodal antigens in general, consistent with the autoimmune pathogenesis of the paraneoplastic lower motor neuron syndrome. The identification of \u03b2IV spectrin isoforms and surface nodal antigens as novel autoimmune targets in lower motor neuron syndrome provide new insights into the pathogenesis of this severe neurological disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.121170798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:44:19Z","timestamp":1027680259000},"page":"6945-6950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Autoimmunity to \u03b2IV spectrin in paraneoplastic lower motor neuron syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Stanny","family":"Berghs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Cell Biology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; Department of Neurology, Ospedale di Belluno, 32100 Belluno, Italy; and Diagnostics Division, Bayer Corporation, Elkhart, IN 46514"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Ferracci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Cell Biology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; Department of Neurology, Ospedale di Belluno, 32100 Belluno, Italy; and Diagnostics Division, Bayer Corporation, Elkhart, IN 46514"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Maksimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Cell Biology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; Department of Neurology, Ospedale di Belluno, 32100 Belluno, Italy; and Diagnostics Division, Bayer Corporation, Elkhart, IN 46514"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Gleason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Cell Biology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; Department of Neurology, Ospedale di Belluno, 32100 Belluno, Italy; and Diagnostics Division, Bayer Corporation, Elkhart, IN 46514"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Leszczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Cell Biology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510; 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