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Such studies have shown that the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent is indistinguishable from the agent causing variant Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease (vCJD), but differs from isolates of sporadic CJD, reinforcing the idea that the vCJD epidemic in Britain results from consumption of contaminated beef products. We present a mouse model for genetic and environmental factors that modify the incubation period of BSE cross-species transmission. We have used two mouse strains that carry the same prion protein (PrP) allele, but display a 100-day difference in their mean IP following intracerebral inoculation with primary BSE isolate. We report genetic effects on IP that map to four chromosomal regions, and in addition we find significant factors of host environment, namely the age of the host's mother, the age of the host at infection, and an X-cytoplasm interaction in the host.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.121172098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:37:36Z","timestamp":1027679856000},"page":"7402-7407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Genetic and environmental factors modify bovine spongiform encephalopathy incubation period in mice"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Katerina","family":"Manolakou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Crewe Road, Western General Hospital, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, United Kingdom; and Institute for Animal Health, Neuropathogenesis Unit, Ogston Building, West Mains Road, EH9 3JF 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