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An extended period of weak lake circulation then led to abnormally long residence times that incubated the bloom, and warm and quiescent conditions after bloom onset allowed algae to remain near the top of the water column and prevented flushing of nutrients from the system. We further find that all of these factors are consistent with expected future conditions. If a scientifically guided management plan to mitigate these impacts is not implemented, we can therefore expect this bloom to be a harbinger of future blooms in Lake Erie.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1216006110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T21:35:20Z","timestamp":1364852120000},"page":"6448-6452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1301,"title":["Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Anna M.","family":"Michalak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Lakes Environmental Research 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