{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:57:49Z","timestamp":1791313069050,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Two major glycolipids, which comprise \u224836% of the total lipid mass from\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the etiological agent of Lyme disease, were  investigated. We determined the fatty acid type, sugar identity, anomeric  configuration, and substituent type and position. The structures were  identified as cholesteryl  6-\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    -acyl-\u03b2-\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    -galactopyranoside (\n                    <jats:italic>B.  burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    glycolipid 1, BbGL-I), and  1,2-di-\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    -acyl-3-\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    -\u03b1-\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    -galactopyranosyl-\n                    <jats:italic>sn<\/jats:italic>\n                    -glycerol  (BbGL-II). The major fatty acids were palmitate and oleate. The structures  were corroborated by gas\u2013liquid chromatography MS, matrix-assisted laser  desorption\/ionization time-of-flight spectroscopy, fast atom bombardment MS,  detailed NMR spectrometry, and metabolic labeling. This is a previously  undescribed demonstration of a cholesteryl galactoside in bacteria.  Lipopolysaccharide was not detected in\n                    <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The two  glycolipids have several properties suggesting they may function as  lipopolysaccharide: both are main components of the bacterial membrane,  surface exposed, and have a three-domain structure. BbGL-I elicited specific  antibodies in mice and rabbits, and BbGL-II elicited antibodies that reacted  with both glycolipids.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1232451100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,24]],"date-time":"2003-06-24T13:47:39Z","timestamp":1056462459000},"page":"7913-7918","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":151,"title":["A newly discovered cholesteryl galactoside from\n                    <i>Borrelia  burgdorferi<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Gil","family":"Ben-Menachem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories of Developmental and Molecular  Immunity, and Cellular and Molecular Biophysics,  National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes  of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Institute  of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114  Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Kubler-Kielb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories of Developmental and Molecular  Immunity, and Cellular and Molecular Biophysics,  National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes  of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Institute  of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114  Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Coxon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories of Developmental and Molecular  Immunity, and Cellular and Molecular Biophysics,  National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes  of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Institute  of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114  Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfred","family":"Yergey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories of Developmental and Molecular  Immunity, and Cellular and Molecular Biophysics,  National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes  of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Institute  of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114  Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Schneerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories of Developmental and Molecular  Immunity, and Cellular and Molecular Biophysics,  National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes  of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Institute  of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114  Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200107123450207"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"2663","volume":"135","year":"1989","unstructured":"Vinh, T. 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