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DNA molecules were translocated into emptied phage head and its outer surface was decorated with proteins fused to outer capsid proteins, highly antigenic outer capsid protein (Hoc) and small outer capsid protein (Soc). T4 nanoparticles carrying reporter genes, vaccine candidates, functional enzymes, and targeting ligands were efficiently delivered into cells or targeted to antigen-presenting dendritic cells, and the delivered genes were abundantly expressed in vitro and in vivo. Mice delivered with a single dose of F1-V plague vaccine containing both gene and protein in the T4 head elicited robust antibody and cellular immune responses. This \u201cprogene delivery\u201d approach might lead to new types of vaccines and genetic therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1300867110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,27]],"date-time":"2013-03-27T06:49:00Z","timestamp":1364366940000},"page":"5846-5851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["In vitro and in vivo delivery of genes and proteins using the bacteriophage T4 DNA packaging machine"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Pan","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marthandan","family":"Mahalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard S.","family":"Marasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok K.","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venigalla B.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01257.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2971"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470942390.mo110168"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2009.341"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1101874108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35099581"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0704008104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.42.110807.091545"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400444101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00847-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(77)80088-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2007.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000592"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127981"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1996.0291"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00235-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2012.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00254-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20032220"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.67.1.2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.135.4.2589","article-title":"Protein G: A powerful tool for binding and detection of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies","volume":"135","author":"Akerstr\u00f6m B","year":"1985","unstructured":"B Akerstr\u00f6m, T Brodin, K Reis, L Bj\u00f6rck, Protein G: A powerful tool for binding and detection of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. 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