{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:02:10Z","timestamp":1788998530995,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The human protein kinase X gene (\n                    <jats:italic>PRKX<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is a member of an ancient family of cAMP-dependent serine\/threonine kinases here shown to be phylogenetically distinct from the classical\n                    <jats:italic>PKA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>PKB<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>Akt<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>PKC<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>SGK<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>PKG<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene families. Renal expression of the\n                    <jats:italic>PRKX<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene is developmentally regulated and restricted to the ureteric bud epithelium of the fetal metanephric kidney. Aberrant adult kidney expression of\n                    <jats:italic>PRKX<\/jats:italic>\n                    was found in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. PRKX kinase expression markedly activated migration of cultured renal epithelial cells in the presence of cAMP; this effect was blocked by cell treatment with the PKA inhibitor H89 and was not observed in\n                    <jats:italic>PKA<\/jats:italic>\n                    -transfected cells. In addition, expression of PRKX kinase activated branching morphogenesis of Madin\u2013Darby canine kidney cells in collagen gels even in the absence of cAMP and\/or hepatocyte growth factor, an effect not seen with either PKA expression or expression of a mutant, kinase-inactivated PRKX. These results suggest that the PRKX kinase may regulate epithelial morphogenesis during mammalian kidney development. Because another member of the\n                    <jats:italic>PRKX<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene family (the\n                    <jats:italic>Dictyostelium discoideum<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene\n                    <jats:italic>KAPC<\/jats:italic>\n                    -\n                    <jats:italic>DICDI<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) also plays a role in cellular migration, these studies suggest that regulation of morphogenesis may be a distinctive property of these genes that has been conserved in evolution that is not shared with\n                    <jats:italic>PKA<\/jats:italic>\n                    family genes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.132051799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,28]],"date-time":"2002-07-28T18:26:28Z","timestamp":1027880788000},"page":"9260-9265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["PRKX, a 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