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Healthy volunteers practicing the learned techniques exhibited profound increases in the release of epinephrine, which in turn led to increased production of anti-inflammatory mediators and subsequent dampening of the proinflammatory cytokine response elicited by intravenous administration of bacterial endotoxin. This study could have important implications for the treatment of a variety of conditions associated with excessive or persistent inflammation, especially autoimmune diseases in which therapies that antagonize proinflammatory cytokines have shown great benefit.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1322174111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,6]],"date-time":"2014-05-06T01:45:42Z","timestamp":1399340742000},"page":"7379-7384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":237,"title":["Voluntary activation of the sympathetic nervous system and attenuation of the innate immune response in humans"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Matthijs","family":"Kox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine,"},{"name":"Anesthesiology,"},{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas T.","family":"van Eijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine,"},{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelle","family":"Zwaag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine,"},{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"van den Wildenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine,"},{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred C. 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