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We consider the possibility that this approach may prompt an autoimmune response to HLA-presented epitopes encoded downstream of the PTC or other stop codons. We demonstrate that gentamicin induces immunologically relevant levels of an epitope derived from PTC read-through. Furthermore, we identify multiple HLA class I-binding peptides derived from read-through of conventional stop codons in gentamicin-treated cells. These results substantiate the possibility of immune autoreactivity from read-through therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1402670111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T02:13:03Z","timestamp":1396318383000},"page":"5670-5675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Cryptic MHC class I-binding peptides are revealed by aminoglycoside-induced stop codon read-through into the 3\u2032 UTR"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Elliot","family":"Goodenough","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara M.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew B.","family":"Zook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Flanigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Atkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and"},{"name":"School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence C.","family":"Eisenlohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3084"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.2.567","article-title":"Variations in the number of peptide-MHC class I complexes required to activate cytotoxic T cell responses","volume":"154","author":"Kageyama S","year":"1995","unstructured":"S Kageyama, TJ Tsomides, Y Sykulev, HN Eisen, Variations in the number of peptide-MHC class I complexes required to activate cytotoxic T cell responses. 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