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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The population that has become known as\n                    <jats:italic>Homo floresiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    has been described as \u201cthe most extreme human ever discovered.\u201d Specimen LB1 from Liang Bua Cave is unusual, but craniofacial and postcranial characteristics originally said to be diagnostic of the new species are not evident in the other more fragmentary skeletons in the sample that resemble other recent small-bodied human populations in the region (including the Andaman Islands, Palau, and Flores itself). Here we demonstrate that the facial asymmetry, small endocranial volume, brachycephaly, disproportionately short femora, flat feet, and numerous other characteristics of LB1 are highly diagnostic of Down syndrome, one of the most commonly occurring developmental disorders in humans and also documented in related hominoids such as chimpanzees and orangutans.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1407382111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,5]],"date-time":"2014-08-05T02:19:13Z","timestamp":1407205153000},"page":"11967-11972","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Evolved developmental homeostasis disturbed in LB1 from Flores, Indonesia, denotes Down syndrome and not diagnostic traits of the invalid species\n                    <i>Homo floresiensis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Maciej","family":"Henneberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"Eckhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for the Study of Morphology, Mechanics and Molecules, Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakdapong","family":"Chavanaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for the Study of Morphology, Mechanics and Molecules, Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth J.","family":"Hs\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenneth J. 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